1. India Size and Location

🟢 Part A: Multiple Choice Questions (30)

Q1. India lies entirely in the:
a) Northern Hemisphere
b) Southern Hemisphere
c) Eastern Hemisphere
d) Both (a) and (c)
Answer: d) Both (a) and (c)

Q2. The latitudinal extent of India is:
a) 6°4′ N to 37°6′ N
b) 8°4′ N to 37°6′ N
c) 8°4′ S to 37°6′ N
d) 6°4′ N to 37°6′ S
Answer: b) 8°4′ N to 37°6′ N

Q3. The longitudinal extent of India is:
a) 68°7′ E to 97°25′ E
b) 68°7′ N to 97°25′ N
c) 68°7′ W to 97°25′ W
d) 68°7′ S to 97°25′ N
Answer: a) 68°7′ E to 97°25′ E

Q4. The Tropic of Cancer passes through:
a) Middle of India
b) Northern India
c) Southern India
d) None of these
Answer: a) Middle of India

Q5. Which longitude is taken as the Standard Meridian of India?
a) 82°30′ E
b) 84°30′ E
c) 80°30′ E
d) 90°30′ E
Answer: a) 82°30′ E

Q6. Which city does the Standard Meridian pass through?
a) Delhi
b) Mirzapur
c) Nagpur
d) Allahabad
Answer: b) Mirzapur

Q7. Total area of India is:
a) 3.28 million sq. km
b) 2.28 million sq. km
c) 3.82 million sq. km
d) 2.42 million sq. km
Answer: a) 3.28 million sq. km

Q8. India accounts for about ______ % of the world’s land area.
a) 1.4%
b) 2.4%
c) 3.4%
d) 4.4%
Answer: b) 2.4%

Q9. North-South extent of India is:
a) 3,214 km
b) 2,933 km
c) 2,214 km
d) 3,933 km
Answer: a) 3,214 km

Q10. East-West extent of India is:
a) 2,933 km
b) 3,214 km
c) 2,114 km
d) 3,114 km
Answer: a) 2,933 km

Q11. Land boundary of India is about:
a) 10,200 km
b) 15,200 km
c) 12,500 km
d) 18,200 km
Answer: b) 15,200 km

Q12. Total length of coastline including islands is:
a) 6,516.6 km
b) 7,516.6 km
c) 8,516.6 km
d) 9,516.6 km
Answer: b) 7,516.6 km

Q13. Which ocean is named after India?
a) Atlantic Ocean
b) Indian Ocean
c) Pacific Ocean
d) Arctic Ocean
Answer: b) Indian Ocean

Q14. Sri Lanka is separated from India by:
a) Gulf of Mannar
b) Palk Strait
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Answer: c) Both (a) and (b)

Q15. The southernmost latitude of Indian mainland is:
a) 6°4′ N
b) 8°4′ N
c) 37°6′ N
d) 82°30′ N
Answer: b) 8°4′ N

Q16. The northernmost latitude of India is:
a) 6°4′ N
b) 8°4′ N
c) 37°6′ N
d) 82°30′ N
Answer: c) 37°6′ N

Q17. The difference in time between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat is about:
a) 1 hour
b) 2 hours
c) 30 minutes
d) 3 hours
Answer: b) 2 hours

Q18. India’s total population rank in the world is:
a) First
b) Second
c) Third
d) Fourth
Answer: b) Second

Q19. India is the ______ largest country in the world by area.
a) Fifth
b) Sixth
c) Seventh
d) Eighth
Answer: c) Seventh

Q20. India shares land boundaries with how many countries?
a) 5
b) 6
c) 7
d) 8
Answer: c) 7

Q21. Which country is located to the south of Lakshadweep Islands?
a) Myanmar
b) Maldives
c) Sri Lanka
d) Bangladesh
Answer: b) Maldives

Q22. Which neighbour of India lies across the Palk Strait?
a) Myanmar
b) Nepal
c) Sri Lanka
d) Maldives
Answer: c) Sri Lanka

Q23. Which neighbouring country shares the longest boundary with India?
a) China
b) Bangladesh
c) Pakistan
d) Nepal
Answer: b) Bangladesh

Q24. Afghanistan shares a border with India through:
a) Karakoram Pass
b) Wakhan Corridor
c) Khyber Pass
d) Palk Strait
Answer: b) Wakhan Corridor

Q25. Which two seas are connected by India’s central location?
a) Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal
b) Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea
c) Caspian Sea and Black Sea
d) Baltic Sea and North Sea
Answer: a) Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal

Q26. The IST is ahead of GMT by:
a) 4 hrs 30 min
b) 5 hrs 30 min
c) 6 hrs 30 min
d) 7 hrs
Answer: b) 5 hrs 30 min

Q27. India’s central location is important for:
a) Defence only
b) Trade and cultural exchange
c) Agriculture
d) Tourism only
Answer: b) Trade and cultural exchange

Q28. Which of these is NOT India’s neighbour?
a) Afghanistan
b) Bhutan
c) Thailand
d) Myanmar
Answer: c) Thailand

Q29. Maldives islands are located to the:
a) South-east of India
b) South of Lakshadweep
c) North-east of Sri Lanka
d) North of Andaman
Answer: b) South of Lakshadweep

Q30. Which imaginary line divides India into almost two equal halves?
a) Equator
b) Tropic of Cancer
c) Prime Meridian
d) Standard Meridian
Answer: b) Tropic of Cancer

🟡 Part B: Short Type Questions (20)

Q1. What is the total land area of India?
Answer: 3.28 million sq. km (2.4% of world’s area).

Q2. What is India’s rank in the world in terms of area?
Answer: 7th largest.

Q3. Which ocean is named after India?
Answer: Indian Ocean.

Q4. Which latitude divides India into two equal halves?
Answer: Tropic of Cancer (23°30′ N).

Q5. Write the latitudinal extent of India.
Answer: 8°4′ N to 37°6′ N.

Q6. Write the longitudinal extent of India.
Answer: 68°7′ E to 97°25′ E.

Q7. Which longitude is taken as the Standard Meridian of India?
Answer: 82°30′ E longitude.

Q8. Which city does the Standard Meridian pass through?
Answer: Mirzapur (Uttar Pradesh).

Q9. What is the difference in time between Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh?
Answer: About 2 hours.

Q10. What is India’s north-south extent?
Answer: 3,214 km.

Q11. What is India’s east-west extent?
Answer: 2,933 km.

Q12. What is the length of India’s land boundary?
Answer: 15,200 km.

Q13. What is the length of India’s coastline (including islands)?
Answer: 7,516.6 km.

Q14. Name the countries which share land boundary with India.
Answer: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar.

Q15. Name India’s southern neighbours across the sea.
Answer: Sri Lanka and Maldives.

Q16. Which water bodies separate Sri Lanka from India?
Answer: Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar.

Q17. Which country shares the longest land boundary with India?
Answer: Bangladesh.

Q18. Which is India’s southernmost point?
Answer: Indira Point (Nicobar Islands).

Q19. Which is the largest democracy in the world?
Answer: India.

Q20. Why is the Indian Ocean named after India?
Answer: Because of India’s central location and dominance in the Indian Ocean region.

🔵 Part C: Long Type Questions (20)

Q1. Describe India’s size in detail.
Answer:

  • India’s area = 3.28 million sq. km (2.4% of world’s area).
  • 7th largest country in the world.
  • Land boundary = 15,200 km.
  • Coastline = 7,516.6 km.
  • North-South extent = 3,214 km.
  • East-West extent = 2,933 km.
  • Surrounded by Himalayas in north and Indian Ocean in south.

Q2. Explain India’s location in terms of latitude and longitude.
Answer:

  • Latitudinal extent: 8°4′ N – 37°6′ N.
  • Longitudinal extent: 68°7′ E – 97°25′ E.
  • Tropic of Cancer divides India into two halves.
  • Lies in Northern and Eastern Hemispheres.
  • Central location in Asia provides strategic importance.

Q3. Why is the Tropic of Cancer significant for India?
Answer:

  • Divides country into almost two equal halves.
  • Northern part lies in subtropical region.
  • Southern part lies in tropical region.
  • Influences climate, agriculture, and vegetation.
  • Explains diversity in India’s climatic conditions.

Q4. Explain the significance of India’s central location.
Answer:

  • Central position in Asia at head of Indian Ocean.
  • Connects West Asia, Africa, and Europe in west.
  • Links Southeast Asia and East Asia in east.
  • Promoted cultural exchange since ancient times.
  • Helped India play an important role in world trade.

Q5. What is the importance of the Indian Ocean for India?
Answer:

  • Named after India.
  • Provides trade routes with West and East.
  • Facilitates fishing, transport, and naval security.
  • Ensures connectivity with island neighbours.
  • Strategic importance in global politics.

Q6. Write about India’s Standard Meridian and its importance.
Answer:

  • IST based on 82°30′ E longitude.
  • Passes through Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh.
  • Avoids confusion of different local times.
  • Keeps uniformity in time across country.
  • Helps in trade, communication, travel, governance.

Q7. How does India’s location influence its history and culture?
Answer:

  • Trade routes across seas and mountains spread culture.
  • Ideas of Upanishads, Ramayana, Buddhism spread abroad.
  • Arab world contributed to mathematics, science.
  • Contact with West led to exchange of goods, ideas.
  • Central location made India a cultural melting pot.

Q8. Describe India’s neighbours.
Answer:

  • Shares boundary with 7 countries.
  • Northwest: Pakistan, Afghanistan.
  • North: China, Nepal, Bhutan.
  • East: Myanmar, Bangladesh.
  • South: Sri Lanka and Maldives (across sea).
  • Close historical and cultural ties with neighbours.

Q9. How does India’s latitudinal and longitudinal extent influence its climate?
Answer:

  • Tropic of Cancer divides into tropical and subtropical zones.
  • Southern India = hot, tropical climate.
  • Northern India = varied, cooler climate.
  • East-West extent affects sunrise and sunset timings.
  • Overall, great climatic diversity.

Q10. Explain why India is called a subcontinent.
Answer:

  • Large size and geographical diversity.
  • Surrounded by oceans on three sides.
  • Himalayas act as a barrier in north.
  • Cultural and linguistic diversity.
  • Influences extending beyond South Asia.

Q11. Why does India have a time difference of 2 hours between Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh?
Answer:

  • Due to its wide longitudinal extent (about 30°).
  • Earth rotates 1° = 4 minutes.
  • 30° = nearly 2 hours difference.
  • But same IST is used across India.
  • Ensures uniformity in time.

Q12. Discuss the importance of India’s geographical location in Asia.
Answer:

  • Acts as a link between East and West.
  • Strategically placed in Indian Ocean.
  • Controls major sea routes.
  • Spread of Indian culture, trade, religions.
  • Modern role in international politics and economy.

Q13. Why does the Indian Ocean have strategic importance?
Answer:

  • Vital trade routes pass through.
  • Energy and oil supplies cross Indian Ocean.
  • Provides naval dominance.
  • Connects India with Africa, Middle East, Asia.
  • Named after India due to its importance.

Q14. Explain India’s contribution to the world through cultural exchange.
Answer:

  • Spread of Buddhism, Hinduism, art forms.
  • Knowledge in astronomy, mathematics, Ayurveda shared.
  • Contact with Greeks, Arabs enriched Indian culture.
  • Architecture and ideas influenced neighbours.
  • India acted as cultural bridge between East and West.

Q15. Describe the geographical extent of India.
Answer:

  • Latitudinal: 8°4′ N – 37°6′ N.
  • Longitudinal: 68°7′ E – 97°25′ E.
  • Area: 3.28 million sq. km.
  • Length (N-S): 3,214 km, Width (E-W): 2,933 km.
  • Surrounded by Himalayas in north, oceans in south.

Q16. How does India’s geography affect its diversity?
Answer:

  • Latitudinal spread = tropical to temperate.
  • Himalayan region vs coastal plains.
  • Variety in agriculture, food habits.
  • Different languages, cultures, traditions.
  • Diversity is rooted in geography.

Q17. Explain India’s position in the world in terms of population and democracy.
Answer:

  • 2nd most populous country.
  • Largest democracy in the world.
  • Population provides human resource.
  • Challenges = poverty, inequality.
  • Plays active role in international politics.

Q18. Write a note on India and Sri Lanka’s geographical relations.
Answer:

  • Separated by Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar.
  • Close cultural and historical ties.
  • Buddhism spread from India to Sri Lanka.
  • Important trade relations since ancient times.
  • Strategic importance in Indian Ocean politics.

Q19. Why is India called a country of unity in diversity?
Answer:

  • Diversity in languages, religions, customs.
  • Geography creates different lifestyles.
  • Yet, Indians share common traditions.
  • Democratic values unify people.
  • Festivals, culture show oneness amidst variety.

Q20. Summarise India’s size, location, and importance in world geography.
Answer:

  • 7th largest country, 2nd most populous, largest democracy.
  • Central location in Asia, surrounded by oceans.
  • Area = 3.28 million sq. km.
  • Important trade and cultural link.
  • Plays significant role in politics, economy, culture globally.

 

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