🌍 Question Bank – Landforms and Life
A. Multiple Choice Questions (40)
Concept: Basics of Landforms
-
Which of the following is NOT a major type of landform?
a) Mountains
b) Plateaus
c) Plains
d) Ocean floor
Ans: d) Ocean floor -
Landforms are created over:
a) Thousands of years
b) Millions of years
c) Hundreds of years
d) Only by earthquakes
Ans: b) Millions of years -
A landform is defined as:
a) Human-made structure
b) Natural feature on Earth’s surface
c) Artificial landscape
d) Ocean body
Ans: b) Natural feature on Earth’s surface -
Which three landforms were seen while travelling from Chhota Nagpur to Almora via Prayagraj?
a) Plains, Plateaus, Islands
b) Plateaus, Plains, Mountains
c) Deserts, Plateaus, Plains
d) Plains, Deserts, Mountains
Ans: b) Plateaus, Plains, Mountains
Concept: Mountains
-
Which mountain is the highest in the world?
a) Mount Kanchenjunga
b) Mount Kilimanjaro
c) Mount Everest
d) Mount Aconcagua
Ans: c) Mount Everest -
Which mountain is the highest in South India?
a) Doddabetta
b) Anamudi
c) Nallamala
d) Mahendragiri
Ans: b) Anamudi -
The Aravalli Range is an example of:
a) Young mountain
b) Old mountain
c) Volcanic mountain
d) Fold mountain
Ans: b) Old mountain -
Which African mountain is an isolated peak?
a) Mount Kilimanjaro
b) Mount Atlas
c) Mount Kenya
d) Mount Cameroon
Ans: a) Mount Kilimanjaro -
Which trees are common in montane forests?
a) Teak and Sal
b) Conifers like Pine and Deodar
c) Mango and Banyan
d) Coconut and Palm
Ans: b) Conifers like Pine and Deodar -
Terrace farming is mostly practiced in:
a) Plains
b) Deserts
c) Mountains
d) Coastal areas
Ans: c) Mountains
Concept: Mountain Life & Challenges
-
Herding is more common than farming in:
a) Plains
b) Mountains
c) Plateaus
d) Deserts
Ans: b) Mountains -
Which of the following is a natural disaster common in mountains?
a) Tsunami
b) Cyclone
c) Avalanche
d) Drought
Ans: c) Avalanche -
Who was the first Indian woman to climb Mount Everest?
a) Arunima Sinha
b) Santosh Yadav
c) Bachendri Pal
d) Premlata Agarwal
Ans: c) Bachendri Pal -
Arunima Sinha is famous for:
a) Climbing Mount Everest after losing a leg
b) Winning Olympic medals
c) Being a scientist
d) Running a marathon
Ans: a) Climbing Mount Everest after losing a leg -
Which of the following is considered sacred by Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Bons?
a) Mount Everest
b) Mount Kailash
c) Mount Aconcagua
d) Mont Blanc
Ans: b) Mount Kailash
Concept: Plateaus
-
A plateau is a landform that:
a) Is always below sea level
b) Is high with flat top
c) Has pointed peaks
d) Always fertile
Ans: b) Is high with flat top -
The “Roof of the World” refers to:
a) Himalayas
b) Tibetan Plateau
c) Deccan Plateau
d) Alps
Ans: b) Tibetan Plateau -
The Deccan Plateau was formed due to:
a) Wind action
b) Volcanic activity
c) Glacier action
d) River erosion
Ans: b) Volcanic activity -
Which Indian plateau is rich in iron, coal, and manganese?
a) Deccan Plateau
b) Chhota Nagpur Plateau
c) Malwa Plateau
d) Ladakh Plateau
Ans: b) Chhota Nagpur Plateau -
East African Plateau is famous for:
a) Cotton farming
b) Gold and diamond mining
c) Oil drilling
d) Wheat farming
Ans: b) Gold and diamond mining -
Which waterfall is located in Jharkhand?
a) Jog Falls
b) Hundru Falls
c) Nohkalikai Falls
d) Victoria Falls
Ans: b) Hundru Falls
Concept: Plains
-
Plains are generally not more than ____ above sea level.
a) 100 m
b) 200 m
c) 300 m
d) 400 m
Ans: c) 300 m -
Plains formed by rivers carrying sediments are called:
a) Coastal plains
b) River plains / Floodplains
c) Plateau plains
d) Desert plains
Ans: b) River plains / Floodplains -
Which is India’s most populated plain?
a) Brahmaputra Plain
b) Indus Plain
c) Ganga Plain
d) Cauvery Plain
Ans: c) Ganga Plain -
Which of the following crops is NOT grown in the Ganga plains?
a) Rice
b) Cotton
c) Jute
d) Tea
Ans: d) Tea -
Which problem is linked to over-irrigation in plains?
a) Soil erosion
b) Groundwater depletion
c) Glacier melting
d) Landslide
Ans: b) Groundwater depletion -
Confluence means:
a) Beginning of a river
b) Meeting point of two or more rivers
c) Source of groundwater
d) End of desert
Ans: b) Meeting point of two or more rivers
Concept: Deserts
-
Which is a hot desert?
a) Thar
b) Gobi
c) Antarctica
d) Greenland
Ans: a) Thar -
Which desert is cold?
a) Sahara
b) Thar
c) Gobi
d) Kalahari
Ans: c) Gobi -
Which desert is also considered the largest cold desert?
a) Gobi
b) Sahara
c) Antarctica
d) Ladakh
Ans: c) Antarctica
Concept: Human–Nature Connections
-
In Sangam literature, “Kurinji” refers to:
a) Mountains
b) Plains
c) Deserts
d) Coast
Ans: a) Mountains -
In Sangam literature, “Marudam” is associated with:
a) Cattle rearing
b) Farming in fertile plains
c) Fishing
d) Hunting
Ans: b) Farming in fertile plains -
In Sangam literature, “Pālai” refers to:
a) Coastal land
b) Desert-like land
c) Forest
d) Hills
Ans: b) Desert-like land -
In Sangam literature, “Neydal” is linked to:
a) Fishing and seafaring
b) Hunting
c) Farming
d) Cattle rearing
Ans: a) Fishing and seafaring
Concept: Culture & Sacredness
-
Which river is called “Mother” in Atharva Veda?
a) Yamuna
b) Ganga
c) Godavari
d) Earth itself
Ans: d) Earth itself (Bhumi Sūkta – Earth as Mother) -
What is the meaning of “Chomolungma”?
a) Goddess of the Sky
b) Mother Goddess of the World
c) Roof of the World
d) Lord of the Mountains
Ans: b) Mother Goddess of the World -
“Sagarmatha” refers to:
a) Mount Kailash
b) Mount Everest
c) Mount Kanchenjunga
d) Mount Aconcagua
Ans: b) Mount Everest -
Which mountain is worshipped in four religions (Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Bon)?
a) Mount Everest
b) Mount Kailash
c) Mount Kilimanjaro
d) Aravalli Hills
Ans: b) Mount Kailash
Concept: Life & Challenges
-
Which of the following is NOT a challenge in mountains?
a) Avalanches
b) Landslides
c) Flash floods
d) Soil fertility
Ans: d) Soil fertility -
Resilience means:
a) Facing challenges and adapting
b) Escaping from problems
c) Avoiding environment
d) Only worshipping nature
Ans: a) Facing challenges and adapting
B. Short Answer Questions (20)
-
Define a landform.
Ans: A landform is a natural physical feature on Earth’s surface, such as mountains, plateaus, and plains, formed over millions of years. -
Name the three major landforms.
Ans: Mountains, Plateaus, Plains. -
What is the difference between mountains and hills?
Ans: Mountains are higher with steep slopes and narrow peaks, while hills are smaller with rounded tops and less height. -
What is precipitation?
Ans: The fall of water from the atmosphere to the ground in any form – rain, snow, or hail. -
Name two young mountains and two old mountains in India.
Ans: Young – Himalayas; Old – Aravallis. -
What is terrace farming?
Ans: Farming on mountain slopes by cutting steps (terraces) into them. -
Give two examples of pilgrimage sites located in the mountains.
Ans: Kedarnath and Vaishno Devi. -
Why are mountains important for rivers?
Ans: Melting snow and rainfall in mountains feed rivers. -
Why are plateaus called “storehouses of minerals”?
Ans: Because they are rich in mineral deposits like coal, iron, gold, and diamonds. -
What is the average height of the Tibetan Plateau?
Ans: About 4,500 metres above sea level. -
Name two famous waterfalls on plateaus.
Ans: Jog Falls (Karnataka), Hundru Falls (Jharkhand). -
Why are plains most populated?
Ans: Because they are flat, fertile, and suitable for farming and settlement. -
What are sediments?
Ans: Small particles of rocks, sand, and silt carried by rivers and deposited in plains. -
Mention two crops grown in the Ganga plains.
Ans: Rice and wheat. -
What is a confluence?
Ans: The meeting point of two or more rivers. -
Give one example each of a hot and a cold desert.
Ans: Hot – Sahara; Cold – Gobi. -
Name two animals found in mountain regions.
Ans: Snow leopard, yak. -
What is the meaning of “Sagarmatha”?
Ans: Goddess of the Sky (Nepali name for Mount Everest). -
In Sangam literature, which tiṇai represents deserts?
Ans: Pālai. -
What does resilience mean?
Ans: The ability to face challenges, adapt to them, and overcome difficulties.
C. Long Answer Questions (20)
-
Explain the major characteristics of mountains.
Ans: Mountains are high landforms with steep slopes and narrow peaks. They may be snow-covered and feed rivers. They are grouped in ranges (Himalayas, Andes, Alps). Young mountains are tall and sharp, while old ones are short and rounded. -
Describe the vegetation and wildlife found in mountains.
Ans: Montane forests with conifers grow on slopes. At higher altitudes, mosses and lichens are common. Animals include yak, snow leopard, ibex, falcon, golden eagle, hare, tahr, and black bear. -
What are the occupations of people in mountain regions?
Ans: Terrace farming, herding, tourism (skiing, trekking, pilgrimages), and handicrafts. -
Mention challenges of mountain life.
Ans: Avalanches, landslides, flash floods, cloudbursts, extreme cold, and over-tourism. -
Why are mountains culturally important?
Ans: Many are sacred – Everest (Chomolungma, Sagarmatha), Mount Kailash (worshipped in 4 religions). Pilgrimages and festivals are linked to them. -
Write a short note on Bachendri Pal and Arunima Sinha.
Ans: Bachendri Pal was the first Indian woman to climb Everest (1984). Arunima Sinha, an amputee, climbed Everest (2013) and other peaks worldwide, showing resilience. -
Define a plateau and give two examples.
Ans: Plateaus are elevated flat-topped lands with steep sides. Examples – Tibetan Plateau, Deccan Plateau. -
Why are lava plateaus fertile?
Ans: Because volcanic activity produces black soil, which is rich in minerals and nutrients. -
Write a note on mineral wealth of plateaus.
Ans: Plateaus are rich in minerals like gold, diamonds (East Africa), coal, iron, manganese (Chhota Nagpur). Mining is a major activity. -
Mention three famous waterfalls found on plateaus.
Ans: Victoria Falls (Africa), Hundru Falls (Jharkhand), Jog Falls (Karnataka), Nohkalikai Falls (Meghalaya). -
Describe the formation and importance of plains.
Ans: Plains are formed by deposition of sediments by rivers. They are fertile, suitable for agriculture, densely populated, and centers of civilization. -
Why do most people live in plains?
Ans: Because of fertile soil, water availability, flat land for farming, settlements, trade, and transport. -
What is the importance of the Ganga plain?
Ans: It supports over 40 crore people, produces food and fibre crops, has irrigation, cultural importance (sacred confluences), and river transport. -
Discuss the role of irrigation in plains.
Ans: Irrigation has increased crop production but also caused groundwater depletion. -
Explain cultural significance of rivers.
Ans: Sources and confluences are sacred, sites of rituals, festivals, and pilgrimages in India (e.g., Ganga-Yamuna confluence at Prayagraj). -
What are deserts? Mention types with examples.
Ans: Large dry regions with little rainfall. Hot deserts – Sahara, Thar. Cold deserts – Gobi, Antarctica. -
How do people adapt to desert life?
Ans: Use camels, wear protective clothing, store water, and maintain rich cultural traditions like folk songs. -
Describe the five tiṇais in Sangam literature.
Ans: Kuriñji (mountains, hunting), Mullai (grasslands, cattle rearing), Marudam (plains, farming), Neydal (coasts, fishing), Pālai (deserts, travel/fighting). -
How are landforms connected to culture?
Ans: Landforms shaped lifestyle, economy, traditions, pilgrimages, literature, and worship across the world. -
Summarize challenges and opportunities of all landforms.
Ans: -
Mountains: Opportunities – tourism, water; Challenges – avalanches.
-
Plateaus: Opportunities – minerals; Challenges – poor soil.
-
Plains: Opportunities – fertile farming; Challenges – overpopulation, pollution.
-
Deserts: Opportunities – unique culture; Challenges – water scarcity.
0 Comments