Locating Places on Earth
✅ Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. What is the shape of the Earth considered in geography?
a) Oval
b) Flat
c) Spherical ✅
d) Cubical
2. The longest parallel of latitude is:
a) 23½°N
b) 90°S
c) 66½°S
d) 0° (Equator) ✅
3. The Prime Meridian passes through:
a) Paris
b) Ujjain
c) Greenwich ✅
d) Tokyo
4. What does 1 cm = 500 m represent on a map?
a) Scale ✅
b) Symbol
c) Compass
d) Legend
5. The line that divides Earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres is:
a) Equator
b) Prime Meridian ✅
c) Tropic of Cancer
d) International Date Line
6. Latitude and longitude together create:
a) Time zones
b) Grid ✅
c) Equator
d) Hemisphere
7. IST is how much ahead of GMT?
a) 4 hours
b) 5 hours
c) 5 hours 30 minutes ✅
d) 6 hours
8. Which of the following is not a cardinal direction?
a) North
b) Northeast ✅
c) East
d) West
9. Which of the following maps shows natural features?
a) Political map
b) Thematic map
c) Physical map ✅
d) Relief map
10. A book containing a collection of maps is called:
a) Atlas ✅
b) Globe
c) Diary
d) Notebook
11. The Earth completes one rotation in:
a) 12 hours
b) 24 hours ✅
c) 48 hours
d) 30 days
12. Which line divides the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
a) Prime Meridian
b) Tropic of Cancer
c) Equator ✅
d) International Date Line
13. The International Date Line is close to:
a) 90°E
b) 180° ✅
c) 0°
d) 23½°N
14. Which of the following lines run from east to west?
a) Longitudes
b) Meridians
c) Latitudes ✅
d) None of these
15. Lines of latitude are also called:
a) Meridians
b) Grid lines
c) Parallels ✅
d) Equators
16. Which of these is an intermediate direction?
a) North
b) Southeast ✅
c) West
d) East
17. How many main directions are there?
a) Two
b) Four ✅
c) Eight
d) Three
18. The symbol ‘PS’ on a map usually stands for:
a) Police Station ✅
b) Power Station
c) Post Office
d) Petrol Station
19. The standard set of map symbols in India is provided by:
a) NCERT
b) Ministry of Culture
c) Survey of India ✅
d) Geological Survey
20. The zero degree longitude is also known as:
a) Equator
b) Prime Meridian ✅
c) Tropic of Capricorn
d) Greenwich Line
21. When crossing the International Date Line from west to east, you:
a) Add a day
b) Subtract a day ✅
c) Add 12 hours
d) Subtract 12 hours
22. What do you call the imaginary lines that meet at the poles?
a) Latitudes
b) Longitudes ✅
c) Equators
d) Parallels
23. What is the latitude of the South Pole?
a) 0°
b) 66½°S
c) 90°S ✅
d) 180°S
24. Which country has multiple time zones?
a) India
b) Nepal
c) USA ✅
d) Sri Lanka
25. The Indian Standard Time is calculated from:
a) 68°E
b) 82½°E ✅
c) 90°E
d) 77°E
Very Short Answer Questions (1 mark)
1. What is a map?
Ans: A map is a drawing or representation of an area viewed from above.
2. Name the four cardinal directions.
Ans: North, South, East, West.
3. What is the scale on a map?
Ans: The ratio between the actual distance on the ground and its representation on the map.
4. What is an atlas?
Ans: A collection or book of maps.
5. What is the shape of the Earth?
Ans: Nearly spherical.
6. What does the Equator divide?
Ans: The Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
7. Define latitude.
Ans: Latitude is the angular distance north or south of the Equator.
8. Which city in India was used as the prime meridian in ancient times?
Ans: Ujjain.
Short Answer Questions (2–3 marks)
1. What are the three main components of a map?
Ans: Distance (scale), direction (cardinal and intermediate), and symbols.
2. Why are symbols used in maps?
Ans: Symbols are used to represent physical features or human-made structures in a small space on the map for easier reading and clarity.
3. How does the Prime Meridian affect time?
Ans: Longitude is used to calculate time; every 15° represents a difference of one hour from the Prime Meridian.
4. What is the difference between local time and standard time?
Ans: Local time varies by longitude and is based on the sun’s position, while standard time is fixed for an entire region or country based on a central meridian.
5. What is the International Date Line?
Ans: It's an imaginary line around 180° longitude where the date changes when crossed.
Long Answer Questions (4–5 marks)
1. Explain how latitude and longitude help in locating places.
Ans: Latitude measures the distance north or south of the Equator, and longitude measures the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian. Together, they form a grid on the globe which helps in locating any place on Earth precisely using coordinates.
2. Describe the relationship between longitude and time with an example.
Ans: The Earth rotates 360° in 24 hours, which means 15° per hour. Each 15° of longitude corresponds to a 1-hour time difference. For example, if it is 12 pm at Greenwich (0°), it is 1 pm at 15°E and 11 am at 15°W. This helps define local and standard times.
3. Write a note on the different types of maps and their uses.
Ans: There are physical maps (show natural features), political maps (show countries, states, cities), and thematic maps (show specific data like rainfall or population). Each serves a different purpose in understanding geography and planning activities.
4. Explain with diagrams (if required) the division of Earth into hemispheres.
Ans: The Equator divides Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, while the Prime Meridian and the 180° longitude divide it into Eastern and Western Hemispheres. These divisions help in global navigation and locating places.