5:
Consumer Rights
A. MCQs
1. Who is a consumer?
A) Producer
B) Seller
C) Person who buys goods and services
D) Wholesaler
Answer: C
2. Consumers participate in the
market by:
A) Producing goods
B) Purchasing goods and services
C) Exporting goods
D) Paying taxes
Answer: B
3. Consumer exploitation occurs
mainly because:
A) Consumers are powerful
B) Producers are weak
C) Consumers are often in a weaker position
D) Goods are expensive
Answer: C
4. Which of the following is an
unfair trade practice?
A) Correct weighing
B) Selling quality goods
C) Adulteration
D) Issuing bills
Answer: C
5. Adulteration means:
A) Correct packaging
B) Mixing inferior substances with products
C) Reducing prices
D) Giving discounts
Answer: B
6. Charging more than the printed
MRP is:
A) Fair trade
B) Consumer protection
C) Consumer exploitation
D) Consumer awareness
Answer: C
7. Which factor makes markets
unfair?
A) Many sellers and buyers
B) Powerful producers and scattered consumers
C) Consumer awareness
D) Competition
Answer: B
8. The Consumer Movement started due
to:
A) High exports
B) Food shortages and black marketing
C) Industrial growth
D) Banking reforms
Answer: B
9. Consumer Movement is a:
A) Political movement
B) Religious movement
C) Social movement
D) Educational movement
Answer: C
10. In India, organised consumer
movement began in:
A) 1947
B) 1950s
C) 1960s
D) 1990s
Answer: C
11. The Consumer Protection Act is
popularly known as:
A) RTI
B) COPRA
C) NREGA
D) GST
Answer: B
12. COPRA was enacted in:
A) 1985
B) 1986
C) 1991
D) 2019
Answer: B
👉 Click Here to see the Notes of this Chapter
13. COPRA was amended in:
A) 2005
B) 2010
C) 2019
D) 2021
Answer: C
14. The right to be protected from
hazardous goods is:
A) Right to Information
B) Right to Safety
C) Right to Choice
D) Right to Education
Answer: B
15. Reji Mathew's case is related
to:
A) Right to Information
B) Right to Safety
C) Right to Choice
D) Right to Education
Answer: B
16. Consumers have the right to know
product details under:
A) Right to Information
B) Right to Safety
C) Right to Choice
D) Right to Representation
Answer: A
17. Which of the following is
usually printed on a package?
A) Batch Number
B) Expiry Date
C) Price
D) All of these
Answer: D
18. MRP stands for:
A) Maximum Retail Price
B) Minimum Retail Price
C) Market Retail Product
D) Maximum Revenue Product
Answer: A
19. Consumers can legally buy
products:
A) Above MRP
B) At MRP or below
C) Only above MRP
D) At any price
Answer: B
20. RTI stands for:
A) Right to Industry
B) Right to Insurance
C) Right to Information
D) Right to Income
Answer: C
21. RTI Act came into force in:
A) 1986
B) 1991
C) 2005
D) 2019
Answer: C
22. The freedom to select goods and
services is:
A) Right to Safety
B) Right to Choice
C) Right to Information
D) Right to Education
Answer: B
23. Forcing consumers to buy
unwanted products violates:
A) Right to Choice
B) Right to Safety
C) Right to Information
D) Right to Equality
Answer: A
24. Abirami's case is related to:
A) Right to Choice
B) Right to Safety
C) Right to Information
D) Right to Equality
Answer: A
25. Right to seek compensation is:
A) Right to Education
B) Right to Redressal
C) Right to Choice
D) Right to Safety
Answer: B
26. Consumers can file complaints
against:
A) Unfair trade practices
B) Exploitation
C) Defective goods
D) All of these
Answer: D
27. Consumer forums help consumers:
A) File complaints
B) Get legal guidance
C) Create awareness
D) All of these
Answer: D
28. The consumer can file a
complaint:
A) Only through lawyers
B) Only through government officials
C) On their own
D) Only through NGOs
Answer: C
29. The District Consumer Commission
deals with claims up to:
A) ₹50 lakh
B) ₹1 crore
C) ₹5 crore
D) ₹10 crore
Answer: B
30. State Consumer Commission deals
with claims between:
A) ₹50 lakh–₹1 crore
B) ₹1 crore–₹10 crore
C) ₹10 crore–₹20 crore
D) Above ₹20 crore
Answer: B
31. National Consumer Commission
deals with claims:
A) Up to ₹1 crore
B) ₹1 crore–₹10 crore
C) Above ₹10 crore
D) Above ₹5 crore
Answer: C
32. Appeals from District Commission
can be made to:
A) National Commission
B) State Commission
C) Supreme Court
D) Parliament
Answer: B
33. Appeals from State Commission
can be made to:
A) National Commission
B) District Commission
C) Panchayat
D) Municipality
Answer: A
34. Consumer Commissions are:
A) Legislative bodies
B) Executive bodies
C) Quasi-judicial bodies
D) Political bodies
Answer: C
35. Which right allows consumers to
present their case?
A) Right to Representation
B) Right to Safety
C) Right to Choice
D) Right to Equality
Answer: A
36. Knowledge about consumer rights
is called:
A) Consumer Protection
B) Consumer Awareness
C) Consumer Tax
D) Consumer Pricing
Answer: B
37. The right to gain knowledge
about consumer rights is:
A) Right to Safety
B) Right to Information
C) Right to Consumer Education
D) Right to Choice
Answer: C
38. ISI mark is issued by:
A) RBI
B) BIS
C) FCI
D) SEBI
Answer: B
39. BIS stands for:
A) Bureau of Indian Standards
B) Board of Industrial Safety
C) Bureau of Industrial Services
D) Board of Indian Supplies
Answer: A
40. Agmark certifies:
A) Gold Jewellery
B) Agricultural Products
C) Electronic Goods
D) Medicines
Answer: B
41. Hallmark certifies:
A) Electrical Goods
B) Packaged Water
C) Gold Jewellery
D) Cement
Answer: C
42. Quality certification helps
consumers:
A) Ensure quality
B) Avoid exploitation
C) Make informed choices
D) All of these
Answer: D
43. Which product must have quality
certification?
A) LPG Cylinder
B) Cement
C) Packaged Drinking Water
D) All of these
Answer: D
44. National Consumers' Day is
observed on:
A) 15 August
B) 2 October
C) 24 December
D) 26 January
Answer: C
45. National Consumers' Day marks:
A) RTI Act
B) COPRA enactment
C) Independence Day
D) BIS formation
Answer: B
46. Consumers International is:
A) Indian Government Department
B) International Consumer Organisation
C) Court
D) NGO in Delhi
Answer: B
47. UN Guidelines for Consumer
Protection were adopted in:
A) 1985
B) 1986
C) 1991
D) 2005
Answer: A
48. Consumer organisations became
active in:
A) Creating awareness
B) Filing cases
C) Protecting rights
D) All of these
Answer: D
49. A cash memo is important because
it:
A) Gives discount
B) Serves as proof of purchase
C) Reduces taxes
D) Increases warranty
Answer: B
50. Which of the following is a
consumer responsibility?
A) Demand a bill
B) Check expiry date
C) Look for quality marks
D) All of these
Answer: D
51. Online shopping is covered
under:
A) RTI Act
B) COPRA 2019
C) GST Act
D) Factory Act
Answer: B
52. Mediation means:
A) Court punishment
B) Settlement through a neutral intermediary
C) Tax collection
D) Government inspection
Answer: B
53. Consumer awareness in India is:
A) Fully developed
B) Spreading slowly
C) Declining rapidly
D) Non-existent
Answer: B
54. False advertisements are an
example of:
A) Fair trade
B) Consumer awareness
C) Consumer exploitation
D) Consumer rights
Answer: C
55. Selling expired medicines
violates:
A) Right to Information
B) Right to Safety
C) Right to Choice
D) Both A and B
Answer: D
56. Which right allows consumers to
get compensation?
A) Right to Redressal
B) Right to Choice
C) Right to Safety
D) Right to Equality
Answer: A
57. Consumer movement puts pressure
on:
A) Businesses
B) Government
C) Both A and B
D) Consumers only
Answer: C
58. The main objective of COPRA is:
A) Increase production
B) Protect consumers
C) Promote exports
D) Increase taxes
Answer: B
59. Which of the following is NOT a
consumer right?
A) Right to Safety
B) Right to Information
C) Right to Unlimited Profit
D) Right to Choice
Answer: C
60. An alert consumer is:
A) A safe consumer
B) A careless consumer
C) An uninformed consumer
D) A producer
Answer: A
B. Short Answer Questions
1. Who is a consumer?
Answer:
- A consumer purchases goods and services.
- Goods are bought for personal use.
- Consumers use final goods and services.
- Every buyer in the marketplace is a consumer.
2. Why are rules and regulations needed in the marketplace?
Answer:
- To protect consumers from exploitation.
- To prevent unfair trade practices.
- To ensure quality and safety of products.
- To provide justice to consumers.
3. What is consumer exploitation?
Answer:
- It means taking unfair advantage of consumers.
- Consumers may be overcharged.
- Defective or adulterated goods may be sold.
- Consumers may receive poor services.
4. What are unfair trade practices?
Answer:
- Selling defective goods.
- Charging above MRP.
- Using false weights and measures.
- Misleading advertisements.
5. What is adulteration?
Answer:
- Mixing inferior substances with products.
- Reduces product quality.
- Can be harmful to health.
- Common in food items and edible oils.
6. What is the Consumer Movement?
Answer:
- A social movement for consumer protection.
- Fights against exploitation.
- Creates awareness among consumers.
- Promotes consumer rights.
7. Why did the Consumer Movement arise in India?
Answer:
- Food shortages were common.
- Hoarding and black marketing increased.
- Consumers lacked legal protection.
- Unfair trade practices were widespread.
8. What is COPRA?
Answer:
- COPRA stands for Consumer Protection Act.
- Enacted in 1986.
- Protects consumer interests.
- Provides legal remedies against exploitation.
9. State any four objectives of COPRA.
Answer:
- Protect consumers from exploitation.
- Provide legal rights.
- Establish consumer courts.
- Ensure compensation for losses.
10. Explain the Right to Safety.
Answer:
- Protects consumers from
dangerous goods.
- Covers hazardous
services.
- Ensures quality standards.
- Protects life and
property.
11. Explain the Right to Information.
Answer:
- Consumers must receive
complete product details.
- Information helps in
informed decisions.
- Includes MRP, expiry date
and ingredients.
- Helps consumers claim
compensation.
12. Explain the Right to Choose.
Answer:
- Consumers can select
products freely.
- Sellers cannot force
purchases.
- Prevents monopolistic
practices.
- Ensures freedom of
choice.
13. Explain the Right to Seek Redressal.
Answer:
- Consumers can file
complaints.
- Compensation can be
demanded.
- Protects against unfair
practices.
- Provides legal remedies.
14. Explain the Right to Representation.
Answer:
- Consumers can present
their case.
- Can approach consumer
commissions.
- May hire lawyers if
needed.
- Ensures fair hearing.
15. Explain the Right to Consumer Education.
Answer:
- Consumers gain knowledge of rights.
- Promotes awareness.
- Helps avoid exploitation.
- Encourages informed decisions.
16. What is MRP?
Answer:
- MRP means Maximum Retail
Price.
- Printed on packaged
goods.
- Sellers cannot charge
above it.
- Protects consumers from
overcharging.
17. Why is a cash memo important?
Answer:
- Acts as proof of
purchase.
- Needed while filing
complaints.
- Helps claim warranty
benefits.
- Supports legal action.
18. What is RTI Act?
Answer:
- RTI means Right to
Information Act.
- Passed in 2005.
- Gives access to
government information.
- Promotes transparency.
19. What are Consumer Forums?
Answer:
- Consumer welfare
organisations.
- Guide consumers in filing
complaints.
- Create awareness.
- Sometimes represent
consumers in cases.
20. What is the District Consumer Commission?
Answer:
- Lowest level consumer commission.
- Handles claims up to ₹1 crore.
- Provides quick redressal.
- Works at district level.
21. What is the State Consumer Commission?
Answer:
- Works at state level.
- Handles claims between ₹1
crore and ₹10 crore.
- Hears appeals from
district commissions.
- Protects consumer rights.
22. What is the National Consumer Commission?
Answer:
- Highest consumer
commission.
- Handles claims above ₹10
crore.
- Hears appeals from state
commissions.
- Located at national
level.
23. What is Consumers International?
Answer:
- Global consumer
organisation.
- Supports consumer rights
worldwide.
- Includes organisations
from many countries.
- Promotes consumer
welfare.
24. What is the significance of National Consumers' Day?
Answer:
- Observed on 24 December.
- Marks enactment of COPRA.
- Creates consumer
awareness.
- Promotes consumer rights.
25. What is the ISI mark?
Answer:
- Quality certification mark.
- Issued by BIS.
- Ensures standard quality.
- Common on industrial products.
26. What is Agmark?
Answer:
- Certification for
agricultural products.
- Ensures product quality.
- Common on edible oils and
cereals.
- Protects consumers from
poor-quality goods.
27. What is Hallmark?
Answer:
- Certification for gold jewellery.
- Ensures purity of gold.
- Protects buyers from fraud.
- Indicates standard quality.
28. Mention four duties of consumers.
Answer:
- Check expiry dates.
- Demand a bill.
- Look for quality marks.
- File complaints against
unfair practices.
29. Mention four achievements of the Consumer Movement.
Answer:
- Increased consumer
awareness.
- Establishment of consumer
courts.
- Legal protection through
COPRA.
- Growth of consumer
organisations.
30. Mention four limitations of the Consumer Movement in India.
Answer:
- Cases take a long time.
- Legal procedures can be
costly.
- Consumer awareness is
still low.
- Rules are not always
properly enforced.
C. Long Answer Questions
1. Why are rules and regulations required in the marketplace?
Answer:
- Consumers are often in a weaker position than
sellers.
- Sellers may use unfair trade practices.
- Defective and adulterated goods may be sold.
- Consumers may be overcharged.
- Misleading advertisements can deceive
consumers.
- Rules ensure fairness and protect consumer
interests.
2. Explain the various ways in which consumers are exploited in the
marketplace.
Answer:
- Sale of adulterated
goods.
- Sale of defective
products.
- Use of false weights and
measures.
- Charging above MRP.
- Misleading
advertisements.
- Denial of consumer
choice.
3. Explain the factors responsible for the rise of the consumer movement in
India.
Answer:
- Food shortages in the
1960s.
- Hoarding of essential
commodities.
- Black marketing
practices.
- Adulteration of food
products.
- Lack of legal protection
for consumers.
- Growing dissatisfaction
among consumers.
4. Describe the growth of the consumer movement in India.
Answer:
- Started in an organised
form in the 1960s.
- Consumer groups spread
awareness.
- Awareness campaigns and
exhibitions were organised.
- COPRA was enacted in
1986.
- Thousands of consumer
groups were formed.
- Consumer rights became
widely recognised.
5. Explain the importance of consumer awareness.
Answer:
- Helps consumers know
their rights.
- Protects against
exploitation.
- Encourages informed
decisions.
- Promotes demand for
quality products.
- Helps in filing
complaints.
- Strengthens the consumer
movement.
6. What is the Consumer Protection Act (COPRA)? Explain its significance.
Answer:
- Enacted in 1986.
- Protects consumers from
exploitation.
- Provides legal rights to
consumers.
- Established consumer
commissions.
- Offers compensation for
damages.
- Strengthens consumer
awareness.
7. Explain the Right to Safety.
Answer:
- Protects consumers from
hazardous goods.
- Covers dangerous
services.
- Ensures product safety
standards.
- Protects life and
property.
- Producers must follow
safety regulations.
- Consumers can seek
compensation if harmed.
8. Explain the Right to Information.
Answer:
- Consumers have a right to know product
details.
- Includes price, ingredients and expiry date.
- Helps make informed decisions.
- Prevents fraud and cheating.
- Enables consumers to claim compensation.
- Increases transparency in markets.
9. Explain the Right to Choose.
Answer:
- Consumers can choose
products freely.
- Sellers cannot force
unwanted purchases.
- Encourages healthy
competition.
- Prevents monopolistic
practices.
- Gives freedom in buying
decisions.
- Protects consumer
interests.
10. Explain the Right to Seek Redressal.
Answer:
- Allows consumers to file
complaints.
- Provides legal remedies.
- Offers compensation for
losses.
- Protects against unfair
trade practices.
- Ensures justice to
consumers.
- Strengthens consumer
confidence.
11. Explain the Right to Representation.
Answer:
- Consumers can present their cases.
- Can approach consumer commissions.
- Lawyers may be hired if needed.
- Consumer groups can assist.
- Ensures fair hearing.
- Provides equal opportunity for justice.
12. Explain the Right to Consumer Education.
Answer:
- Promotes awareness of
rights.
- Educates consumers about
responsibilities.
- Helps identify
exploitation.
- Encourages informed
purchasing.
- Increases market
transparency.
- Builds consumer
confidence.
13. Describe the case of Reji Mathew and its significance.
Answer:
- Reji underwent a tonsil
operation.
- Improper anaesthesia
caused disability.
- Complaint was filed by
his father.
- National Commission found
hospital guilty.
- Compensation was awarded.
- Demonstrated the Right to
Safety.
14. Describe the case of Abirami.
Answer:
- Joined a two-year
coaching course.
- Left after one year due
to poor quality teaching.
- Refund was denied.
- Consumer Commission
ordered refund.
- Compensation was also
awarded.
- Demonstrated the Right to
Choose.
15. Explain the role of Consumer Forums.
Answer:
- Guide consumers in filing
complaints.
- Create awareness among
consumers.
- Provide legal assistance.
- Represent consumers in
cases.
- Promote consumer rights.
- Receive government
support.
16. Explain the three-tier consumer redressal system in India.
Answer:
- District Consumer
Commission.
- State Consumer
Commission.
- National Consumer
Commission.
- Handles disputes at
different levels.
- Provides compensation and
justice.
- Allows appeals at higher
levels.
17. Explain the functions of the District Consumer Commission.
Answer:
- Deals with claims up to
₹1 crore.
- Hears consumer
complaints.
- Provides compensation.
- Examines evidence.
- Ensures quick justice.
- Protects consumer rights.
18. Explain the functions of the State Consumer Commission.
Answer:
- Handles claims from ₹1
crore to ₹10 crore.
- Hears appeals from
District Commission.
- Protects consumer
interests.
- Reviews disputed cases.
- Awards compensation.
- Ensures fair decisions.
19. Explain the functions of the National Consumer Commission.
Answer:
- Handles claims above ₹10
crore.
- Hears appeals from State
Commission.
- Provides final redressal.
- Protects consumer rights
nationally.
- Reviews major disputes.
- Ensures uniform justice.
20. Explain the procedure for filing a consumer complaint.
Answer:
- Identify the defect or
deficiency.
- Contact the seller.
- Preserve bill and
documents.
- File a complaint in the
commission.
- Present evidence.
- Obtain compensation or
replacement.
21. What is RTI Act? Explain its importance.
Answer:
- RTI stands for Right to
Information Act.
- Passed in 2005.
- Gives access to
government information.
- Promotes transparency.
- Reduces corruption.
- Empowers citizens.
22. Explain the significance of ISI mark.
Answer:
- Indicates quality
standards.
- Issued by BIS.
- Protects consumers from
poor products.
- Ensures safety.
- Builds consumer
confidence.
- Used on various products.
23. Explain the significance of Agmark.
Answer:
- Quality certification for
agricultural products.
- Ensures purity.
- Protects consumers from
adulteration.
- Promotes standardisation.
- Used for edible oils and
cereals.
- Builds trust among
consumers.
24. Explain the significance of Hallmark.
Answer:
- Certifies gold jewellery.
- Ensures purity standards.
- Protects consumers from
fraud.
- Promotes transparency.
- Builds buyer confidence.
- Ensures quality
assurance.
25. Explain the role of Consumers International.
Answer:
- Global consumer organisation.
- Protects consumer interests worldwide.
- Supports consumer groups.
- Promotes consumer rights.
- Encourages government action.
- Operates in over 100 countries.
26. Explain the achievements of the consumer movement in India.
Answer:
- Greater consumer
awareness.
- Establishment of consumer
courts.
- Enactment of COPRA.
- Growth of consumer
organisations.
- Better legal protection.
- Increased consumer participation.
27. Explain the limitations of the consumer movement in India.
Answer:
- Cases are time-consuming.
- Legal procedures are
expensive.
- Awareness remains low.
- Bills are often not
issued.
- Laws are weakly enforced.
- Many consumers avoid
complaints.
28. Mention the duties of consumers.
Answer:
- Check product quality.
- Ask for cash memo.
- Check expiry date.
- Look for quality marks.
- Report unfair practices.
- Be aware of consumer
rights.
29. What changes were introduced through COPRA 2019?
Answer:
- Strengthened consumer
protection.
- Included online shopping.
- Made service providers
accountable.
- Increased penalties.
- Encouraged mediation.
- Improved grievance
redressal.
30. How can consumers strengthen the consumer movement?
Answer:
- Become aware of rights.
- Demand bills and receipts.
- Join consumer organisations.
- Report unfair trade practices.
- File complaints when exploited.
- Spread awareness among others.
D. Assertion & Reason Questions
Directions;
A. Both Assertion and Reason are
true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are
true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
C. Assertion is true, but Reason is
false.
D. Assertion is false, but Reason is
true (or both are false, depending on the question).
1. Assertion (A): Consumers have the
right to seek redressal.
Reason (R): Consumers can claim
compensation for unfair trade practices.
Answer:
A
2. Assertion (A): COPRA was enacted in 1986.
Reason (R): COPRA protects consumers
from exploitation.
Answer:
A
3. Assertion (A): Consumers should ask for a cash memo
while purchasing goods.
Reason (R): Cash memo serves as
proof of purchase.
Answer:
A
4. Assertion (A): MRP stands for Maximum Retail Price.
Reason (R): Sellers can legally
charge more than MRP.
Answer:
C
5. Assertion (A): Hallmark is used for gold jewellery.
Reason (R): It certifies the purity
of gold.
Answer:
A
6. Assertion (A): Consumer awareness helps prevent
exploitation.
Reason (R): Informed consumers know
their rights and responsibilities.
Answer:
A
7. Assertion (A): Agmark is a certification mark.
Reason (R): It is mainly used for
agricultural products.
Answer:
A
8. Assertion (A): The Right to Information helps consumers
make informed choices.
Reason (R): Product labels contain
important details about goods.
Answer:
A
9. Assertion (A): Misleading advertisements can exploit
consumers.
Reason (R): They may provide false
information about products.
Answer:
A
10. Assertion (A): The Consumer Movement emerged because
consumers were often exploited.
Reason (R): Hoarding and black
marketing were common practices.
Answer:
A
11. Assertion (A): RTI Act was enacted in 2005.
Reason (R): It allows citizens to
obtain information from government departments.
Answer:
A
12. Assertion (A): Consumers International is a global
consumer organisation.
Reason (R): It promotes consumer
welfare worldwide.
Answer:
A
13. Assertion (A): District Consumer Commission deals with
consumer complaints.
Reason (R): It provides redressal to
consumers at the district level.
Answer:
A
14. Assertion (A): Consumers have the right to choose
products freely.
Reason (R): Sellers cannot force
consumers to buy unwanted goods.
Answer:
A
15. Assertion (A): ISI mark indicates standard quality.
Reason (R): It is issued by the
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).
Answer:
A
16. Assertion (A): Expiry dates should be checked before
purchasing products.
Reason (R): Expired products may be
harmful to consumers.
Answer:
A
17. Assertion (A): Consumer courts provide immediate
justice in all cases.
Reason (R): Some consumer cases take
time to be resolved.
Answer:
D
18. Assertion (A): Consumer education is a consumer right.
Reason (R): Educated consumers can
make informed decisions.
Answer:
A
19. Assertion (A): Adulteration improves the quality of
products.
Reason (R): Adulteration means
mixing inferior substances with products.
Answer:
D
20. Assertion (A): National Consumer Commission is the
highest consumer commission in India.
Reason (R): It hears appeals against
decisions of State Consumer Commissions.
Answer:
A
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