Lifelines
of National Economy
Choose the correct option:
1.
Which one of the following groups of
cities is connected by the National Highway No. 1?
(a) Kolkata-Amritsar (b)
Ranchi-Kolkata
(c) Delhi-Punjab (d)
Varanasi-Kanyakumari
2.
National Waterway No. 1 is navigable
between which of the following places?
(a) Sadiya and Dhubri (b)
Allahabad and Haldia
(c) Udyogamandal and Champakkara (d)
Kottapuram and Komman
3.
Which one of the following ports is
the biggest with a spacious natural and well-sheltered harbour?
(a) Kolkata (b) Chennai (c) Mumbai (d) Vishakhapatnam
4.
port was developed as a subsidiary
port in order to relieve growing pressure on the Kolkata port.
(a) Haldia (b) Kochi (c) Kandla (d) Vishakhapatnam
5.
Which one of the following is
considered as the first-class mail by the Indian postal network?
(a) Cards and envelopes (b)
Registered periodicals
(c) Book packets (d)
Registered newspapers
6.
Which one of the following is the
southernmost international airport in India?
(a) Nedimbacherry (b) Chhatrapati Shivaji
(c) Raja Sansi (d)
Meenam Bakkam
7.
Which one of the following is the
oldest port of the eastern coast of India?
(a) Kolkata (Haldia) (b)
Vishakhapatnam
(c) Tuticorin (d)
Chennai (Madras)
8.
Narrow Gauge railway line is found in
(a) the Northern Plains
(b) the hilly areas of Darjeeling, Shillong and Ooty
(c) deserts of Rajasthan
(d) the Central Highlands
9.
Which one of the following is not an
advantage of pipeline transportation?
(a) Pipelines are used for transporting crude oil and gas from fields to
refineries.
(b) Solids can be transported in slurry form through pipelines.
(c) Pipelines rule out trans-shipment losses or delays.
(d) Initial cost of laying a pipeline is high.
10.
Which organisation constructs and
maintains roads in the border areas?
(a) NHAI (b) BRO (c) Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak
Yojana (d) BSF
11.
Which one of the following ports is a
tidal port?
(a) Mumbai (b) New Mangalore port (c) Kandla (d) Vishakhapatnam
12.
Which one of the following ports was
developed in order to relieve the pressure of Kolkata port?
(a) Paradip port (b)
Tuticorin port
(c) Haldia port (d)
Chennai port
13.
Which two extreme locations are
connected by the North-South Corridor?
(a) Amritsar and Tuticorin (b)
Srinagar and Tiruvananthapuram
(c) Srinagar and Tuticorin (d)
Srinagar and Kanyakumari
14.
National Waterway No. 1 is navigable
between which of the following places?
(a) Between Sadiya and Dhubri
(b) Between Allahabad and Haldia
(c) Between Kottapuram and Komman
(d) Between Udyogamandal and Champakkara
15.
Which one of the following is the
oldest artificial port of the country?
(a) Tuticorin (b)
Vishakhapatnam
(c) Chennai (d)
Mumbai
16.
National Highways are constructed and
maintained by:
(a) NHAI (b) CPWD (c) SPWD (d) BRO
17.
Which one of the following modes of
transportation reduces tran-shipment losses and delays in the supply of petroleum
and gases?
(a) Railways (b) Roadways (c) Pipeline (d) Waterways
18.
The helicopter services to Oil and
Natural Commission in its offshore operations are provided by:
(a) Air India (b)
Indian Airlines
(c) Pawanhans helicopters (d)
Alliance Air
19.
The largest number of newspapers
published in India are in which of the following languages?
(a) Hindi (b) English (c) Urdu (d) Marathi
20.
Which one of the following is not
true regarding the sea ports of India?
(a) Mumbai is the biggest port with a spacious natural and well sheltered
harbour.
(b) Tuticorin Port in Tamil Nadu has a natural harbour and hinterland.
(c) Vishakhapatnam is the deepest landlocked and well protected port.
(d) Chennai is an inland riverine port.
21.
In recent years, India is earning
large foreign exchange through the export of which of the following?
(a) Ores and Minerals (b)
Information Technology
(c) Agricultural Products (d)
Electrical goods
22.
Which of the following airlines is
the nationalised airline of India?
(a) Air India (b)
Jet Airways
(c) Kingfisher Airline (d)
Indigo
23.
Which of the following airlines is
the nationalised airline of India?
(a) Air India (b)
Jet Airways
(c) Kingfisher Airline (d)Indigo
24.
Which of the following is the oldest
artificial port and the second most important port of the country?
(a) Mumbai port (b)
Kandla port
(c) Chennai port (d)
Ennore port
25.
Which one of the following types of
communication service in India is the largest in the world?
(a) Postal network (b)
Television network
(c) Internet services (d)
Radio broadcasting
Map-based Questions:
Question 1.
On the given outline political map of India, mark the following international
airports.
• Raja Sansi
• Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
• Chhatrapati Shivaji
• Meenambakkam
2016
Short Answer Type Question [3 Marks]
Question 1.
Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for the fast development.’
Express your views in favour of this statement.
Answer:
Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for fast development
because:
·
the movement of goods and services from the supply location to demand
locations necessitates the need for transport. It widens the market for goods.
·
it allows distant and remote areas to be linked with urban and developed ,
regions.
·
the development and improvement of transport have made delivery of
goods faster across long distances and thus reduced cost.
·
immediate relief during war, natural calamity, famine or flood can be
easily
accessed through efficient means of transport.
Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks]
Question 2.
‘Roadways still have an edge over railways in India.’ Support the statement
with arguments.
Answer:
Roadways still have an edge over railways in India in the following ways.
·
Roads are cheaper than railways and are easier to construct and
maintain.
·
Roads provide door-to-door service, therefore the cost of loading and
unloading
is much less.
·
Road transport is used as a feeder to other means of transport, i.e.
it is a link between railway stations, airports and seaports.
·
Roads can traverse more dissected and undulating topography.
·
It can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and can traverse
mountains.
·
Roads are economical is transporting few number of people and smaller
amount of goods over short distances.
Question 3.
Classify communication services into two categories. Explain main features of
each.
Answer:
Communication services can be classified into two categories—personal
communication and mass commuication.
Main features of personal communication:
·
It is the communication between person to person. In this communication,
only personal messages are exchanged.
·
Personal communication is done through mobile phones, letters,
e-mails, post cards, etc.
Main features of mass communication:
·
It is the communication among masses. It provides entertainment as well as
awareness about various national programmes.
·
Mass communication is done through radio, television, newspapers,
magazines, books, films, etc.
Question 4.
Explain with examples the conditions responsible for uneven distribution pattern
of the railway network in India.
Answer:
The distribution of railway network depends upon physiographic, economic and
administrative factors. The following are the conditions responsible for uneven
distribution pattern of the railway network in India.
·
The northern plains have dense network of railways due to extensive level
land, agriculturally and industrially productive region and support high
density of population which is favourable for the development of railways.
However, the presence of large number of rivers requires the construction of
bridges across the rivers which poses some difficulties.
·
In the hilly regions of the north and the peninsular plateau regions,
railways are constructed through narrow gaps, or tunnels.
·
The Himalayas region has less network of railways due to rugged
terrain, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities.
·
In the sandy plains of western Rajasthan, swampy regions of Gujarat,
thickly forested regions of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand,
construction of railways is difficult and expensive.
·
Recently, the development of Konkan railway along the western coast
has contributed to the movement of goods and passengers through the passes and
gaps along the Western Ghats to link the most economic region of India.
Question 5.
Why is air travel more popular in the north-eastern states of India? Explain
Answer:
Air travel is more popular in the north-eastern states of India because of
the following reasons.
·
North eastern part of the country is marked with the presence of big
rivers where other means of transport cannot be laid.
·
It is marked with dissected relief that makes it impossible to access
the area through other means of transport other than air.
·
The entire area is covered with dense forest that resists land movement.
·
This area is often hit by frequent floods. Air travel is thus
required.
·
It has a long international frontier that requires quick response
which is possible only through air transport.
Question 6.
Define the term tourism. Why is tourism known as a trade? Explain
Answer:
Tourism means an activity of visiting places, especially in foreign
countries for pleasure.
Tourism is known as a trade because of the following reasons.
·
Foreign tourist’s arrivals have increased over the years. 5.78
million foreign tourists visited India in 2010. It contributed ? 64,889 crores
as foreign exchange in the year 2010.
·
More than 15 million people are directly engaged in tourism industry.
·
It helps in the development of Indian handicrafts and other economic
activities.
·
Foreign tourist visits India for business tourism, adventure tourism,
medical tourism, eco tourism, heritage tourism, etc.
Question 7.
Explain any five major problems faced by road transport in India
Answer:
The major problems faced by road transport in India are as follows.
·
The road network is inadequate when volume of traffic and passengers are
taken into consideration.
·
Nearly half of the roads are unmetalled and it limits their usage
during the rainy season.
·
Roadways are highly congested in the cities, with frequent traffic
jams.
·
Most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
·
The national highways are inadequate too.
2015
Very Short Answer Type Questions [ 1 Mark]
Question 8.
What is the major objectiw to develop Super Highways?
Answer:
The main objective to develop Super Highways is to reduce the time and distance
between the four mega cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata with the
development of fast and uninterrupted traffic along six lanes between these
cities.
Question 9.
Why was the Haldia seaport set up?
Answer:
Haldia seaport was set up to decongest the port of Kolkata as a subsidiary
port.
Question 10.
Why was Jawaharlal Nehru port developed?
Answer:
Jawaharlal Nehru port is a subsidiary port mainly developed to decongest the
port of Mumbai and serve as a hub port for this region.
Question 11.
Explain the importance of railways as the principal mode of transportation for
freight and passengers in India.
Answer:
Railways are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers
in India in the following ways.
·
Railways have contributed to the development of multifarious activities
like business, sightseeing, pilgrimage and tourism along with the
transportation of goods over long distance.
·
It is an important means of transport for long distance travel with
ease.
·
It has binded the economic life of the country that has accelarated
the development of agriculture and industry by carrying the raw materials to
the industries and distribution of finished goods to the consuming markets.
Question 12.
Describe any three features of waterways in India.
Answer:
The three features of waterways are as follows.
·
They are the cheapest means of transport for carrying heavy and bulky
goods.
·
They are fuel efficient.
·
They are an eco-friendly mode of transport, however the slowest means
of transport.
Question 13.
Describe the significance of tourism as a trade in India.
Answer:
Tourism means an activity of visiting places, especially in foreign countries
for pleasure.
Tourism is known as a trade because of the following reasons.
·
Foreign tourist’s arrivals have increased over the years. 5.78 million
foreign tourists visited India in 2010. It contributed ? 64,889 crores as
foreign exchange in the year 2010.
·
More than 15 million people are directly engaged in tourism industry.
·
It helps in the development of Indian handicrafts and other economic
activities.
·
Foreign tourist visits India for business tourism, adventure tourism,
medical tourism, eco tourism, heritage tourism, etc.
Question 14.
Why is a dense and efficient network of transport and communication a
prerequisite for the development of local, national and global trade of today?
Give your opinion.
Answer:
Dense and efficient network of transport and communication is a pre-requisite
for the development of local, national and global trade of today because of the
following reasons.
·
We use different material and services in our daily life. Some of these are
available in our immediate surroundings while other requirements are met by bringing
things from other places. Movement of these goods and services can be over
three domains of earth.
·
Today the world has converted into a large village with the help of
efficient and fast-moving transport.
·
Transport has been able to achieve this with the help of equally
developed communication system.
·
Therefore transport, communication and trade are complementary to
each other.
·
Today, India is well linked with rest of the world despite its vast size
diversity, linguistic and socio-cultural plurality.
Question 15.
Describe the major problems faced by the road transport in India.
Answer:
Major problems faced by road transport are:
·
In terms of volume of traffic and passengers, the road network is
inadequate.
·
About half of the roads are unmetalled and get damaged during the rainy
season.
·
The number of National Highways is inadequate and are poorly
maintained.
·
The roads are congested in cities and are lacking safety measures.
·
Most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks]
Question 16.
Analyse the physiographic and economic factors that have influenced the
distribution pattern of the railway network in our country.
Answer:
The distribution of railway network depends upon physiographic, economic and
administrative factors. The following are the conditions responsible for uneven
distribution pattern of the railway network in India.
·
The northern plains have dense network of railways due to extensive
level land, agriculturally and industrially productive region and support high
density of population which is favourable for the development of railways.
However, the presence of large number of rivers requires the construction of
bridges across the rivers which poses some difficulties.
·
In the hilly regions of the north and the peninsular plateau regions,
railways are constructed through narrow gaps, or tunnels.
·
The Himalayas region has less network of railways due to rugged
terrain, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities.
·
In the sandy plains of western Rajasthan, swampy regions of Gujarat,
thickly forested regions of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand,
construction of railways is difficult and expensive.
·
Recently, the development of Konkan railway along the western coast has
contributed to the movement of goods and passengers through the passes and gaps
along the Western Ghats to link the most economic region of India.
Question 17.
‘Road transport and rail transport in India are not competitive but
complementary
to each other.’ Justify the statement.
Answer:
The statement road transport and rail transport in India are not competitive
but complementary to each other can be justified in the following ways.
·
Road transport is more suitable for short distances whereas rail transport
is more suitable for long distances.
·
Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and
relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances whereas rail transport
is more suitable for large number of people and heavy goods.
·
Road transport is beneficial for perishable goods to be carried by roads in
short period of time whereas non-perishable and bulky are transported by
railways for a longer distances.
·
Road transport increases the efficiency of railways.
·
Road transport links the rural areas with railway stations.
·
The deficiency of railways is compensated by road transport.
2014
Short Answer Type Questions [3 Marks]
Question 18.
How do means of transport and communication play an important role in the
economic development of the country? Explain.
Answer:
Dense and efficient network of transport and communication is a
pre-requisite for the development of local, national and global trade of today
because of the following reasons.
·
We use different material and services in our daily life. Some of
these are available in our immediate surroundings while other requirements are
met by bringing things from other places. Movement of these goods and services
can be over three domains of earth.
·
Today the world has converted into a large village with the help of efficient
and fast-moving transport.
·
Transport has been able to achieve this with the help of equally
developed communication system.
·
Therefore transport, communication and trade are complementary to
each other.
·
Today, India is well linked with rest of the world despite its vast
size diversity, linguistic and socio-cultural plurality.
Question 19.
Mention the six mail channels introduced recently to facilitate quick delivery
of mails.
Answer:
The following are the six mail channels.
1. Rajdhani
Channel
2. Metro
Channel
3. Green
Channel
4. Business
Channel
5. Bulk Mail
Channel
6. Periodical
Channel
Question 20.
20. Why is air travel preferred in the north-eastern states of India? Explain
Answer:
Air travel is more popular in the north-eastern states of India because of
the following reasons.
·
North eastern part of the country is marked with the presence of big
rivers where other means of transport cannot be laid.
·
It is marked with dissected relief that makes it impossible to access
the area through other means of transport other than air.
·
The entire area is covered with dense forest that resists land
movement.
·
This area is often hit by frequent floods. Air travel is thus required.
·
It has a long international frontier that requires quick response
which is possible only through air transport
Question 21.
Give reasons for which foreign tourists visit India.
Answer:
Foreign tourists visit India due to the following reasons.
·
India has been an excellent place for heritage tourism. It is rich in
culture and ethnicity.
·
Many tourists come here for adventure in the mountainous regions of
Himachal Pradesh, Uttrakhand, etc.
·
Southern India provides excellent opportunities for medical tourism, which
attracts tourists from the world.
Question 22.
Why are efficient means of transport pre-requisites for the fast development of
the country? Explain.
Answer:
Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for fast development
because:
·
the movement of goods and services from the supply location to demand
locations necessitates the need for transport. It widens the market for goods.
·
it allows distant and remote areas to be linked with urban and developed ,
regions.
·
the development and improvement of transport have made delivery of goods
faster across long distances and thus reduced cost.
·
immediate relief during war, natural calamity, famine or flood can be
easily
accessed through efficient means of transport.
Question 23.
Why is the distribution of roads not uniform in India? Explain with examples.
Answer:
The distribution of roads is not uniform in India because of the following
reasons.
·
India has vast and diverse relief features with high mountains and plateaus
which restrict construction of roads in many area.
·
India is a land of rivers with dissected tributaries. It is not possible to
lay roads in these areas where the rivers often create havoc during floods.
·
Keeping in view the low volume of passengers and traffic, it is not
economical to lay roads in such areas.
Question 24.
How does transport play an important role in the economic development of a
country? Explain with examples.
Answer:
Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for fast development
because:
·
the movement of goods and services from the supply location to demand
locations necessitates the need for transport. It widens the market for goods.
·
it allows distant and remote areas to be linked with urban and
developed , regions.
·
the development and improvement of transport have made delivery of goods
faster across long distances and thus reduced cost.
·
immediate relief during war, natural calamity, famine or flood can be
easily
accessed through efficient means of transport.
Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks]
Question 25.
‘Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its
prosperity.’
Support the statement with suitable examples.
Answer:
Advancement of international trade of a country is an index of its economic
prosperity. The following points can justify the statement.
·
No country can survive without international trade because resources
are space bound.
·
Advancement of international trade of a country leads to its economic
prosperity because such a trade provides so many jobs to workers as well as
business to traders.
·
It is through international trade that we earn much of our foreign
exchange which is required for importing many essential goods.
Foreign trade helps in transfer of technology.
·
International trade gives rise to competition. Domestic producers
make their production process efficient to meet the international standards and
thus, are able to compete.
Question 26.
‘Indian railways binds the economic life of the country as well as accelerates
the development of industry and agriculture.’ Justify the statement.
Answer:
They are principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers. They
help in multifarious ways like business, sightseeing, along with transportation
of goods over long distances.
·
Economic development of a region depends upon the dense network of
rail transport.
·
They link areas of production with that of consumption, agriculture with
industry and village with towns and cities.
·
They help in industrial development by assemblage of raw materials
and distribution of finished goods.
·
They help in regional development.
·
Railways help in the development of all the three sectors of the economy—
primary, secondary and tertiary.
2013
Short Answer Type Questions [3 Marks
Question 27.
How are the means of transport and communication complementary to each other?
Explain with three examples.
Answer:
Means of transport and communication are complementary to each other in the
following ways:
·
Transport and communication provide basic infrastructure for each
other to
carry on their process.
·
They create possibilities for investment to upgrade and expand their
services.
·
Communication has widened the horizons of trade far and wide.
·
Transport had limited access earlier. With the advancement of science and
technology the world has converted into a large village. Communication has
widened the scope of transportation even in the remote areas.
Question 28.
‘The distribution pattern of Indian railway network is influenced by the
physiographic factors.’ Examine the statement.
Answer:
The distribution of railway network depends upon physiographic, economic and
administrative factors. The following are the conditions responsible for uneven
distribution pattern of the railway network in India.
·
The northern plains have dense network of railways due to extensive
level land, agriculturally and industrially productive region and support high
density of population which is favourable for the development of railways.
However, the presence of large number of rivers requires the construction of bridges
across the rivers which poses some difficulties.
·
In the hilly regions of the north and the peninsular plateau regions,
railways are constructed through narrow gaps, or tunnels.
·
The Himalayas region has less network of railways due to rugged
terrain, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities.
·
In the sandy plains of western Rajasthan, swampy regions of Gujarat,
thickly forested regions of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand,
construction of railways is difficult and expensive.
·
Recently, the development of Konkan railway along the western coast
has contributed to the movement of goods and passengers through the passes and
gaps along the Western Ghats to link the most economic region of India.
Question 29.
Why is air travel preferred in the north-eastern states of India? Explain any
three reasons.
Answer:
Air travel is more popular in the north-eastern states of India because of
the following reasons.
·
North eastern part of the country is marked with the presence of big rivers
where other means of transport cannot be laid.
·
It is marked with dissected relief that makes it impossible to access
the area through other means of transport other than air.
·
The entire area is covered with dense forest that resists land
movement.
·
This area is often hit by frequent floods. Air travel is thus
required.
·
It has a long international frontier that requires quick response which is
possible only through air transport.
Question 30.
How can you help the Indian Railways to run the trains as per schedule?
Explain.
Answer:
We can help the Indian Railways to run the trains as per schedule by:
·
keeping the trains tracks clean, clear and well maintained.
·
avoiding the pulling of chains for unnecessary reasons.
·
avoiding the damage done to the railway property.
Question 31.
Describe any five major problems faced by road transport in India
Answer:
Major problems faced by road transport are:
·
In terms of volume of traffic and passengers, the road network is
inadequate.
·
About half of the roads are unmetalled and get damaged during the rainy
season.
·
The number of National Highways is inadequate and are poorly maintained.
·
The roads are congested in cities and are lacking safety measures.
·
Most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
Question 32.
Advancement of international trade of a country is an index of its econoniic
prosperity.’ Justify the statement with five arguments
Answer:
Advancement of international trade of a country is an index of its economic
prosperity. The following points can justify the statement.
·
No country can survive without international trade because resources are
space bound.
·
Advancement of international trade of a country leads to its economic
prosperity because such a trade provides so many jobs to workers as well as
business to traders.
·
It is through international trade that we earn much of our foreign
exchange which is required for importing many essential goods.
·
Foreign trade helps in transfer of technology.
·
International trade gives rise to competition. Domestic producers
make their production process efficient to meet the international standards and
thus, are able to compete.
Question 33.
‘Roadways
have an edge over railways in India.’ Justify the statement with fite
arguments.
Answer:
Roadways still have an edge over railways in India in the following ways.
·
Roads are cheaper than railways and are easier to construct and maintain.
·
Roads provide door-to-door service, therefore the cost of loading and
unloading
is much less.
·
Road transport is used as a feeder to other means of transport, i.e. it is
a link between railway stations, airports and seaports.
·
Roads can traverse more dissected and undulating topography.
·
It can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and can traverse mountains.
·
Roads are economical is transporting few number of people and smaller
amount of goods over short distances.
Question 34.
What are the means of communication? How do they create awareness ahjong the
masses and integrate the people? Explain with four examples.
Answer:
Communication refers to conveying of messages and ideas between individuals or
to the masses. The means of mass communication are radio, television, media and
films.
They create awareness among the mass and integrated the people in the
following ways.
·
Every day at regular intervals, we hear or watch the news on the radio and
television. News are given on variety of subjects and topics and people come to
know what is happening in the society, politics and economy.
·
Newspaper also gives news on variety of subjects like politics,
society, financial, sports and international. The news are given in details (of
the day before). They also carry advertisements.
·
India is the largest producer of feature films in the world. It
produces short films, feature films and video short films.
·
Means of communication also integrate the people. If we see about any
unforeseen calamity on the television or read about it in the newspaper, the
country stands united to help the victims.
Question 35.
How is road transport more advantageous than other means of transport for short
distances? Explain with five suitable examples.
Answer:
·
Road transport is economical in transportation of few people and smaller
amount of goods. It reduces cost.
·
Road transport do not need a station or a port (sea port and air
port). It can cover short distances easily and quickly.
·
There are a large variety of vehicles on the roads, carrying one, two
or more than sixty persons. They can negotiate traffic jams.
·
They provide door to door service.
·
Road transport like rickshaws, bicycles, autos and scooters can
negotiate the narrow and congested lanes and by-lanes and carry people and
goods.
2012
Short Answer Type Questions [3 Marks]
Question 36.
Explain the improvements made by the Indian railways in its functioning.
Answer:
Improvements made by Indian railways in its functioning are:
·
Construction of new railway lines and extension of additional routes along
certain routes.
·
Electrification of railway network.
·
Introduction of super fast trains like Shatabadi, Rajdhani, etc.
·
Computerised reservation of booking and cancellation of tickets.
Question 37.
Explain three reasons for dense railway network in the North Indian plains.
Answer:
North Indian Plains have a dense network of railway because of the following
reasons.
·
Vast level land that is topographically suitable for laying railway lines.
·
High population density makes it economical to operate.
·
Rich agricultural resources in the plains require network of railways to
sustain economy.
Question 38.
“Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic
prosperity.” Support the statement with three arguments.
Answer:
Advancement of international trade of a country is an index of its economic
prosperity. The following points can justify the statement.
·
No country can survive without international trade because resources are
space bound.
·
Advancement of international trade of a country leads to its economic
prosperity because such a trade provides so many jobs to workers as well as business
to traders.
·
It is through international trade that we earn much of our foreign
exchange which is required for importing many essential goods.
·
Foreign trade helps in transfer of technology.
·
International trade gives rise to competition. Domestic producers make
their production process efficient to meet the international standards and
thus, are able to compete.
Long Answer Type Questions [4/5 Marks]
Question 39.
‘Dense and efficient network of transport and communication is a prerequisite
for national and international trade’. Support the statement with four
arguments.
Answer:
Dense and efficient network of transport and communication is a pre-requisite
for the development of local, national and global trade of today because of the
following reasons.
·
We use different material and services in our daily life. Some of these are
available in our immediate surroundings while other requirements are met by
bringing things from other places. Movement of these goods and services can be
over three domains of earth.
·
Today the world has converted into a large village with the help of
efficient and fast-moving transport.
·
Transport has been able to achieve this with the help of equally developed
communication system.
·
Therefore transport, communication and trade are complementary to
each other.
·
Today, India is well linked with rest of the world despite its vast size
diversity, linguistic and socio-cultural plurality.
Question 40.
Mention any four
merits and any two demerits of air transport
Answer:
Merits of air transport are:
·
Most comfortable
·
Fastest means of transport
·
Covers long stretches of mountains, deserts, thick forests and
oceanic stretches with great ease.
·
Helicopters can land and take off from any place.
Demerits of air transport are:
·
Very expensive
·
It is often affected by weather phenomenon like fog and strong
currents in upper atmosphere.
2011
Short Answer Type Questions [3 Marks]
Question 41.
Explain the importance of air transport in India giving four points.
Answer:
Air travel is more popular in the north-eastern states of India because of
the following reasons.
·
North eastern part of the country is marked with the presence of big rivers
where other means of transport cannot be laid.
·
It is marked with dissected relief that makes it impossible to access
the area through other means of transport other than air.
·
The entire area is covered with dense forest that resists land
movement.
·
This area is often hit by frequent floods. Air travel is thus
required.
·
It has a long international frontier that requires quick response which is
possible only through air transport.
Question 42.
Mention any two inland waterways of India. Write three characteristics of each.
Answer:
The two inland waterways of India are:
·
The Brahmaputra River between Sadiya and Dhubri.
·
The West-Coast Canal in Kerala
The characteristics of Brahmaputra River between Sadiya and Dhubri are:
·
The waterway is 891 km long on river Brahmaputra.
·
Long cruise tourist vessels make voyages between Sivsagar near Dibrugarh
and Manas wildlife sanctuary near Jogighopa continuously. Thus, making it a
commercially beneficial proposition.
·
Border security force deployed on this inland prove to be an
important base for defence of the country.
The characteristics of West-Coast Canal in Kerala are:
·
The stretch is 205 km long of the canals of Kerala. .
·
The waterway provides 24 hours navigation facility in the entire stretch.
·
The backwaters of Kerala prove to be cheap means of transport attracting
tourists.
Question 43.
How has the distribution pattern of the Railway
network in the country been largely influenced by physiographic and economic
factors? Explain with examples
Answer:
The distribution of railway network depends upon
physiographic, economic and administrative factors. The following are the
conditions responsible for uneven distribution pattern of the railway network
in India.
·
The northern plains have dense network of railways due to extensive
level land, agriculturally and industrially productive region and support high
density of population which is favourable for the development of railways.
However, the presence of large number of rivers requires the construction of
bridges across the rivers which poses some difficulties.
·
In the hilly regions of the north and the peninsular plateau regions,
railways are constructed through narrow gaps, or tunnels.
·
The Himalayas region has less network of railways due to rugged
terrain, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities.
·
In the sandy plains of western Rajasthan, swampy regions of Gujarat,
thickly forested regions of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand,
construction of railways is difficult and expensive.
·
Recently, the development of Konkan railway along the western coast has
contributed to the movement of goods and passengers through the passes and gaps
along the Western Ghats to link the most economic region of India.
2010
Short Answer Type Questions [3 Marks]
Question 44.
Write any four characteristics of Kandla sea port.
Answer:
The following are the characteristics of the Kandla sea port:
·
It is a tidal port.
·
It was the first port developed soon after the Independence of India
in Kuchchh.
·
It was developed to ease the volume of trade from Mumbai port after the
loss of Karachi port to Pakistan after the Partition in 1947.
·
It caters to the convenient handling of imports and exports of
granary and industrial belt spreading from states like Jammu and Kashmir,
Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Question 45.
Explain any four merits of pipeline transport in India.
Answer:
The following are the merits of pipeline transport in India:
·
Solids (when converted into slurry), liquids and gases can be transported
through pipelines.
·
Initial cost of laying pipelines is high but subsequent running costs are
minimal.
·
Trans-shipment of losses and delays are ruled out.
·
It is economical to transport petroleum, natural gas, ferlilizers to
interior places of the country.
Question 46.
What is the meaning of road density? Describe any three major problems faced by
road transportation in India.
Answer:
Major problems faced by road transport are:
·
In terms of volume of traffic and passengers, the road network is
inadequate.
·
About half of the roads are unmetalled and get damaged during the
rainy season.
·
The number of National Highways is inadequate and are poorly
maintained.
·
The roads are congested in cities and are lacking safety measures.
·
Most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
Question 47.
What is the importance of railway transport? Describe any three major problems
faced by Indian Railways.
Answer:
The following are the major problems faced by the Indian Railways:
·
Passengers travel without ticket.
·
Thefts and damages of railways property.
·
Unnecessary chain pulling by the passengers cause delays.
Question 48.
Describe any four features of Indian tourism as a trade.
Answer:
Following are the features of Indian tourism as a trade:
·
Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades
with the bumper increase in foreign tourists.
·
It provides employment and financial support to local handicrafts and
cultural pursuits.
·
India has become a popular destination for heritage, adventure,
medical and business tourism.
·
Indian tourism has achieved the status of maximum foreign exchange
MAP QUESTIONS
Question 49.
On the given map of India locate and label the following with appropriate
symbols:
(l) Ttlticorin-Major seaport
(ii) Kochi-Major seaport
(iii) Kandla-Major seaport
(iv) Raja Sansi International airport or Amritsar International Airport
(v) New Mangalore-Major seaport
(vi) Paradip-Seaport
(vii) Vishakhapatnam-Major seaport
(viii) Chennai/Madras
Answer:
—————–
Question 50.
Some features are marked on the given political map of India, with the help
of following information and write their correct lines marked in the maps.
(i) Terminal station of North-South Corridor
(ii) Terminal station of East-West Corridor
(ill) The terminal station of North-South Corridor
(iv) Terminal station of East-West Corridor
(v) Terminal station of NH7
(vi) Terminal station of NH7
(vii) International Airport
(viii) Major seaport
(ix) Terminal station of NH7
(x) Terminal station of NH1
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