02. ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT IN HEALTH
•
Right
to health as Fundamental right, but provisioning is unequal
•
Democracy:
Govt. to work for welfare- education, health, employment, housing or
development of roads, electricity, etc.
Health
•
Fitness
to wellness (Ayush Mission)
•
Remain
free from illness or injury
•
Adequate
food
•
Clean
drinking water
•
Pollution
free environment
•
Without
mental stress
Health care in India
•
Largest
medical colleges in world
•
Largest
number of doctors
•
Medical
tourism from many countries
•
Pharmaceutical
industry is 3rd largest in volume and 14th largest in
value
Issues faced
•
TB
is the biggest killer
•
Malnutrition
•
Communicable
diseases
•
Plight
of rural areas
Public Health Care System
•
Run
by Govt.
•
Look
after health of large number of people
•
Mission Indradhnush- Vaccination
•
National Health Assurance Mission- free drug and
diagnostics and insurance coverage
•
Improper
health care facilities to people
•
Rush
in OPD (Out Patient Department)- people first brought in without being
admitted), long queue
Public Health Care System
•
Run
by Govt.
•
Look
after health of large number of people
•
Mission Indradhnush- Vaccination
•
National Health Assurance Mission- free drug and diagnostics
and insurance coverage
•
Improper
health care facilities to people
•
Rush
in OPD (Out Patient Department)- people first brought in without being
admitted), long queue
•
Both
rural and urban areas
•
PHC (Primary Health Centre)- at village level
•
District:
Dist. Hospital
•
Money
to run these comes from taxes paid
•
Free
and lowcost services
•
Prevent
the spread of diseases such as TB, Malaria, Jaundice, Cholera, etc.
•
According
to UNICEF, more than 2 million children die every year in India from
preventable infections
•
Safeguard
the right to life
Private Health Care System
•
Doctors
have private clinics
•
Rural
areas: Registered Medical Practitioners (RMPs)
•
Urban
areas: Specialized services
•
Diagnostic
service
•
Pharmaceutical
shops
•
Not
controlled by the Govt.
•
Patient
needs to pay more
Health Care and Equality
•
Private
sector in health care is increasing
•
Private
sector confirmed to urban areas
•
Services
of private sector run by profit
•
Private
sector has higher cost with expensive medicines
•
Incorrect
practices by private sectors
•
Doctor
sprescribed unnecessary medicines, injections or saline
bottles when tablet or simple medicines can suffice
•
Only
20% can afford medicines when ill
•
40%
admitted patients have to borrow money
•
Illness-
leads to anxiety and distress for poor mainly the bread earner
•
Lack
of money- no proper medical treatment
•
Tribal
areas lack health centers
Resolving Issues
•
Responsibility
of government
•
Equal
health care to poor and disadvantaged
•
Health
depends on basic amenities and social conditions of people
•
1996:
Kerala Govt. 40% budget to Panchayats- water, food, govt. and education,
anganwadies, health care (focus on insufficient beds and doctors).
Coasta Rica:
•
Healthiest
country in South America
•
Maintains
no army and uses the budget on health, education, and basic needs of people
•
Safe
drinking water, sanitation, nutrition and housing
•
Constitution: duty of the state to raise the level of
nutrition and the standard of leaving and to improve public health.
……… the end ……
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