NATURAL VEGETATION & WILDLIFE

 

CLASS-VII         GEOGRAPHY

CHAPTER-6.    NATURAL VEGETATION & WILDLIFE

VEGETATION

•        Forest

•        Grassland

•        Shrubs

FACTORS AFFECTING VEGETATION

•        Varies with height

•        Temperature

•        Moisture

•        Slope

•        Soil Thickness

CATEGORIES OF VEGETATION

•        Forest- Region of plenty of rain and temperature

•        Grass lands- Moderate Rain

•        Shrubs- Dry Region

 

TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST

•        Also called Tropical Rainforest

•        From equator to tropic

•        Hot and humid

•        Rain throughout the year

•        Sunlight don’t penetrate down

•        Rosewood, mahogany, ebony

 

TROPICAL DECIDUOUS FOREST

•        Monsoon forest in India

•        North Australia

•        Central America

•        Have Seasonal changes

•        Trees shed leaves in dry months to conserve water

•        Sal, teak, neem, shisham- furnitures

•        Tiger, lions, elephants, monkeys

 

TEMPERATE EVERGREEN FOREST

•        Mid latitudinal coastal areas

•        East margin of SE USA, S. China and SE Brazil

•        Oak, pine, eucalyptus

 

TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST

•        At higher latitudes

•        NE USA, China, Newzeland, Chile, W.Europe

•        Shed leaves in dry season

•        Deer, fox, wolf, pheasants, and monals

 

 

MEDITERRANEAN VEGETATION

•        East and NE margins of temperate and deciduous forests

•        Mediterranean Sea region, California, SW Africa, SW Australia and S. America

•        Hot dry summer-thick bark and wax coated leaves- reduce transpiration

•        Mild rainy winters

•        Orchards of the world

•        Oranges, figs, olives, grapes

 

CONIFEROUS FORESTS

•        All higher latitude (50-70 degree) North and South

•        Taiga (pure in Russian) – untouched

•        Tall, softwood evergreen – pulp, paper, match box, packaging

•        Chir, pine, cidar

 

TROPICAL GRASSLANDS

•        Either side of equator

•        Low to moderate rain

•        Tall up to 3 to 4 meters

•        East Africa- Savannas

•        Venezuela- Lianos

•        Elephant, Zebra, Leopard, Deer, Giraffe

 

TEMPERATE GRASSLANDS

•        Mid-latitude and interior of continent

•        Short and nutritious grass

•        Wild Buffalo, Bison, Antelope

•        Argentina- Pampas

•        North America- Prairies

•        South Africa- Velds

•        Central Asia- Steppe

•        Australia- Downs

 

 

THE END